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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the developmental status of the Member States of the European Union (EU) in the wake of the global financial crisis.

The paper considers the three elements in pairs, i.e. development and the EU, development and the financial crisis, and the EU and the financial crisis, and synthesises these by answering the questions propounded in the introduction. A sustainable development index is constructed for all 28 Member States of the EU. In the next section, the association between the financial crisis and sustainable development is considered for four non-European developing countries, using correlation analysis. Following this, the construction of the EU’s regulatory framework in the wake of the financial crisis is summarised.

Member States who did not have the status of advanced economies on joining the EU have closed the development gap on their neighbours. Of the four non-European countries, the financial crisis is not a major factor in the sustainable development of three of them. Post-crisis legislative reforms within the EU are comprehensive. Nonetheless, a long-term perspective must be taken to effectively address the issues that underlie development, within the EU and beyond.

The sustainable development index incorporates most, but not all, of the World Bank’s sustainable development goals. Countries omit to supply data to the World Bank, so figures need to be estimated. Regression analysis is avoided, because of the variable measurement problems therein. Therefore, no claims are made as to causation. All arithmetic workings are shown.

The paper integrates three concepts, which is a new research.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role and responsibility of credit rating agencies in promoting soundness and integrity, especially in the course of their business activities.

The paper describes, and uses, the framework for the activities of credit rating agencies introduced by the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), in order to give effect to this investigation.

Credit rating agencies have implemented the provisions of the Code of Conduct Fundamentals for Credit Rating Agencies of the IOSCO on the quality and integrity of the rating process, to the extent of the resources available to them.

The main source of data is the information collected by the IOSCO from nine credit rating agencies, including the main three, on the quality and integrity of their rating processes. The absence of triangulation of research methods limits the robustness of the findings.

The paper addresses a specific aspect of the credit ratings story since the financial crisis on which there is currently little in the literature. It also focuses upon the actions of credit rating agencies, rather than on how these organisations are, or should be, regulated.

The purpose of this paper is to report and review the legislative and regulatory responses to the global financial crisis (GFC) from within the United Kingdom (UK).

The paper observes aspects of the effect of the GFC within the UK, using economic statistics and institutional case studies. It summarises the laws that the European Union (EU) and the UK have produced in the wake of the crisis and recommends approaches to be taken from this point.

The regulators are putting in place a comprehensive, integrated framework, much of which is sensible in its content. However, this structure will be insufficient to re-establish the effective operation of the financial sector, unless firms comply with the rules and a “relationship culture” is developed.

It is not yet clear how the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) will perform and coordinate.

The paper presents a comprehensive review of relevant EU and UK legislation, thereby bringing readers up to date with the situation in the UK.

The purpose of this paper is to summarise and critically assess the legislative response in banking and securities regulation to the determinants of the financial crisis.

The paper identifies these determinants and evaluates different categories of regulatory response, drawing from the United Kingdom, United States, European Union and international approaches.

The crisis had both economic and financial causes. The responses have been quick, original in part, and complex. Issues are still emerging from the collapse which are yet to be fully addressed.

This is a transition period between the crisis and the establishment of the regulatory regimes that will follow it. Conclusions drawn at this point are therefore tentative.

The paper brings together several sources of legislative response, and is therefore of value as a discussion point.